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Notes
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Although the American Community Survey (ACS) produces population, demographic and housing unit estimates, for 2020, the 2020 Census provides the official counts of the population and housing units for the nation, states, counties, cities, and towns. For 2016 to 2019, the Population Estimates Program provides estimates of the population for the nation, states, counties, cities, and towns and intercensal housing unit estimates for the nation, states, and counties.<br/><br/>

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Geographic areas are based on the geographic boundaries of the data year. Current year comparisons with past-year estimates are not re-tabulated to the current year's geographies; rather, the comparison is with the existing geography of each data year. Statistically significant change from prior years' estimates could be the result of changes in the geographic boundaries of an area and not necessarily the demographic, social, or economic characteristics. For more information on geographic changes, see: <a href=\"https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/guidance.html\">https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/guidance.html<\/a>.<br/><br/>

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Since the 5-year data do not benefit from data quality filtering, comparisons are only made for populations of 5,000 or more.<br/><br/>

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Supporting documentation on code lists, subject definitions, data accuracy, and statistical testing can be found on the American Community Survey website in the <a href=\"https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/technical-documentation/code-lists.html\">Technical Documentation<\/a> section.<br /><br />Sample size and data quality measures (including coverage rates, allocation rates, and response rates) can be found on the American Community Survey website in the <a href=\"https://www.census.gov/acs/www/methodology/sample_size_and_data_quality/\">Methodology<\/a> section.<br/><br/>

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Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2016-2020 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates<br/><br/>

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Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. The degree of uncertainty for an estimate arising from sampling variability is represented through the use of a margin of error. The value shown here is the 90 percent margin of error. The margin of error can be interpreted roughly as providing a 90 percent probability that the interval defined by the estimate minus the margin of error and the estimate plus the margin of error (the lower and upper confidence bounds) contains the true value. In addition to sampling variability, the ACS estimates are subject to nonsampling error (for a discussion of nonsampling variability, see <a href=\"https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/technical-documentation.html\">ACS Technical Documentation<\/a>). The effect of nonsampling error is not represented in these tables.<br/><br/>

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The definitions of the metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas for the 2013 American Community Survey are based on the commuting patterns identified in the 2010 Census. Estimates prior to 2013 are based on the results of the 2000 Census. Statistically significant change from prior years' estimates could be the result of changes in the metropolitan geographic definitions and not necessarily the demographic, social or economic characteristic. For more information, see: <a href=\"https://www.census.gov/population/metro/data/metrodef.html\"> Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas<\/a>.<br/><br/>

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Households not paying cash rent are excluded from the calculation of median gross rent.<br/><br/>

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Complete plumbing in 2016 and later are not directly comparable to complete plumbing in 2015 and prior years. In 2016, the question about whether the housing unit had a toilet was no longer asked. In 2015 and prior years, the requirements for complete plumbing were running water, a flush toilet and bathtub or shower; in 2016 and later, the requirement for complete plumbing is running water and bathtub or shower.<br/><br/>

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Telephone service data are not available for certain geographic areas due to problems with data collection of this question that occurred in 2016 and 2019. Both ACS 1-year and ACS 5-year files were affected. It may take several years in the ACS 5-year files until the estimates are available for the geographic areas affected.<br/><br/>

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Prior to 2015, if the median, upper, or lower quartile rent was $2,000 or more in a geography, the median, upper, or lower rent displayed as $2,000+. In 2015, the top category for the calculation of median, upper, and lower quartile rent was changed from $2,000 or more to $3,500 or more; consequently, 2015 and later products from the 1 and 5 year ACS files display actual medians, upper, and lower quartiles up to $3,499; $3,500 or more will display as $3,500+.<br/><br/>

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Prior to 2015, if the median, upper, or lower quartile home value was $1,000,000 or more in a geography, the median, upper, or lower home value rent displayed as $1,000,000+. In 2015, the top category for the calculation of median, upper, and lower quartile home value was changed from $1,000,000 or more to $2,000,000 or more; consequently, in 2015 and later products from the 1 and 5 year ACS files display actual medians, upper, and lower quartiles up to $2,000,000; $2,000,000 or more will display as $2,000,000+.<br/><br/>

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Prior to 2015, if the median monthly housing costs for owners without mortgages was $1,000 or more in a geography, the median monthly housing costs for owners without mortgages displayed as $1,000+. In 2015, the top category for the calculation of median monthly housing costs for owners without mortgages was changed from $1,000 or more to $1,500 or more; consequently, in 2015 and later products from the 1 and 5 year ACS files display actual medians up to $1,500; $1,500 or more will display as $1,500+.<br/><br/>

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For the 5 year ACS, 2011-2015 plumbing data for Puerto Rico will not be shown. Research indicates that the questions on plumbing facilities that were introduced in 2008 in the stateside American Community Survey and the 2008 Puerto Rico Community Survey may not have been appropriate for Puerto Rico. New questions resolved the problem by 2013.<br/><br/>

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The 2016-2020 American Community Survey (ACS) data generally reflect the September 2018 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) delineations of metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas. In certain instances, the names, codes, and boundaries of the principal cities shown in ACS tables may differ from the OMB delineation lists due to differences in the effective dates of the geographic entities.<br/><br/>

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Estimates of urban and rural populations, housing units, and characteristics reflect boundaries of urban areas defined based on Census 2010 data. As a result, data for urban and rural areas from the ACS do not necessarily reflect the results of ongoing urbanization.<br/><br/>

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An * indicates that the estimate is significantly different (at a 90% confidence level) than the estimate from the most current year. A \"c\" indicates the estimates for that year and the current year are both controlled; a statistical test is not appropriate. A blank indicates that the estimate is not significantly different from the estimate of the most current year, or that a test could not be done because one or both of the estimates is displayed as \"-\", \"N\", or \"(X)\", or the estimate ends with a \"+\" or \"-\". (For more information on these symbols, see the Explanation of Symbols below this table.)<br/><br/>

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Explanation of Symbols:<TABLE><TR><TD>-<\/TD><TD> The estimate could not be computed because there were an insufficient number of sample observations. For a ratio of medians estimate, one or both of the median estimates falls in the lowest interval or highest interval of an open-ended distribution.<\/TD><\/TR><TR><TD>N<\/TD><TD> The estimate or margin of error cannot be displayed because there were an insufficient number of sample cases in the selected geographic area.<\/TD><\/TR><TR><TD> (X)<\/TD><TD> The estimate or margin of error is not applicable or not available.<\/TD><\/TR><TR><TD>median-<\/TD><TD> The median falls in the lowest interval of an open-ended distribution (for example \"2,500-\")<\/TD><\/TR><TR><TD>median+<\/TD><TD> The median falls in the highest interval of an open-ended distribution (for example \"250,000+\").<\/TD><\/TR><TR><TD>**<\/TD><TD> The margin of error could not be computed because there were an insufficient number of sample observations.<\/TD><\/TR><TR><TD>***<\/TD><TD> The margin of error could not be computed because the median falls in the lowest interval or highest interval of an open-ended distribution.<\/TD><\/TR><TR><TD>*****<\/TD><TD> A margin of error is not appropriate because the corresponding estimate is controlled to an independent population or housing estimate. Effectively, the corresponding estimate has no sampling error and the margin of error may be treated as zero.<\/TD><\/TR><\/TABLE><br/><br/>

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